Ngemva kokugxila amashumi eminyaka ekunciphiseni izindleko, imboni yelanga ishintsha ukunaka ekwenzeni intuthuko entsha kwezobuchwepheshe.
Imboni yelanga selichithe amashumi eminyaka inciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza ugesi ovela elangeni.Manje igxile ekwenzeni amaphaneli abe namandla nakakhulu.
Njengoba ukonga kokukhiqizwa kwemishini kufinyelele endaweni eyithafa futhi kamuva nje kucindezelwe ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa, abakhiqizi bandisa umsebenzi wokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe - bakha izingxenye ezingcono futhi basebenzisa amadizayini athuthukayo okukhiqiza ugesi owengeziwe ovela emapulazini asebenza ngelanga afanayo.Ubuchwepheshe obusha buzodala okunye ukwehla kwezindleko zikagesi.”
I-Solar Slide
Ukwehla kwezindleko zephaneli ye-Photovoltaic kwehlile eminyakeni yamuva.
Ukucindezela kokusebenza kwe-solar enamandla kakhulu kugcizelela ukuthi ukwehla kwezindleko kuqhubeka kanjani kubalulekile ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokusuka kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.Nakuba amapulazi elanga alingana negridi manje eshibhile ukudlula ngisho nezitshalo ezithuthuke kakhulu zamalahle noma ezisebenza ngegesi, kuyodingeka ukonga okwengeziwe ukuze kubhanqwe imithombo yamandla ahlanzekile nobuchwepheshe obubizayo bokugcina obudingekayo ukuze kutholakale amandla angenawo i-carbon ubusuku nemini.
Amafekthri amakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezishintshayo kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zilethe umnotho wezinga, izindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi kanye nemfucuza encane yezinto ezibonakalayo zomkhakha welanga.Izindleko ezimaphakathi zephaneli yelanga zehle ngo-90% ukusuka ngo-2010 kuya ku-2020.
Ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngephaneli ngayinye kusho ukuthi onjiniyela bangaletha inani elifanayo likagesi kusukela ekusebenzeni kosayizi omncane.Lokho kungase kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba izindleko zomhlaba, ukwakhiwa, ubunjiniyela nezinye izinto zokusebenza zingehli ngendlela efanayo nezintengo zamaphaneli.
Kungaba nengqondo ukukhokhela i-premium yobuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu.Sibona abantu abazimisele ukukhokha inani eliphezulu lemojula ye-wattage ephakeme ebavumela ukuthi bakhiqize amandla engeziwe futhi benze imali eyengeziwe ngomhlaba wabo.Amasistimu anamandla aphezulu asevele efikile.Amamojula anamandla futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu azonciphisa izindleko kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani lephrojekthi yelanga, asekele umbono wethu wokukhula okubalulekile komkhakha kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo.
Nazi ezinye zezindlela izinkampani ze-solar ezingamaphaneli ashaja kakhulu:
I-Perovskite
Nakuba ukuthuthukiswa okuningi kwamanje kuhilela ukushintshwa kobuchwepheshe obukhona, i-perovskite ithembisa impumelelo yangempela.Izacile futhi icace kakhulu kune-polysilicon, into esetshenziswa ngokwesiko, i-perovskite ekugcineni ingafakwa phezu kwamaphaneli elanga akhona ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, noma ihlanganiswe nengilazi ukwenza amawindi okwakha nawo akhiqize amandla.
Amaphaneli obuso obubili
Amaphaneli elanga ngokuvamile athola amandla awo ohlangothini olubheke elangeni, kodwa angakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa inani elincane lokukhanya elivela phansi.Amaphaneli obuso obubili aqala ukuthandwa ngo-2019, abakhiqizi befuna ukuthwebula ukukhuphuka okungeziwe kukagesi ngokufaka ingilazi ekhethekile esikhundleni sezinto ezisekela i-opaque.
Lo mkhuba ubambe abahlinzeki bengilazi yelanga bengaqaphile futhi wabangela ukuthi amanani entengo enyuke kafushane.Ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule, i-China yaxegisa imithethonqubo mayelana namandla okwenza ingilazi, futhi lokho kufanele kulungiselele ukwamukelwa okusabalele kobuchwepheshe belanga obunezinhlangothi ezimbili.
I-Polysilicon ehlanganisiwe
Olunye ushintsho olungaletha ukukhushulwa kwamandla wukusuka kuzinto ze-silicon ezishajwa kahle zamaphaneli elanga ukuya kumikhiqizo eshajelwe kabi, noma yohlobo lwe-n.
Impahla yohlobo lwe-N yenziwa nge-doping polysilicon enenani elincane le-elementi ene-electron eyengeziwe njenge-phosphorous.Kubiza kakhulu, kodwa kungaba namandla acishe abe ngu-3.5% kunento ebusayo njengamanje.Imikhiqizo kulindeleke ukuthi iqale ukuthatha isabelo semakethe ngo-2024 futhi ibe yinto ehamba phambili ngo-2028, ngokusho kwe-PV-Tech.
Ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka ngelanga, i-polysilicon ecwengisiswe kakhulu yenziwe ibe ama-ingots angunxande, aphinde asikwe abe izikwele ezizacile kakhulu ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-wafers.Lawo mawafa afakwa izintambo kumaseli futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze akhe amaphaneli elanga.
Ama-Wafers amakhulu, Iseli Elingcono
Eminyakeni eminingi yawo-2010, iwafa yelanga evamile yayiyisikwele se-polysilicon esingamamilimitha angu-156 (amayintshi angu-6.14), esicishe silingane nengaphambili lekesi le-CD.Manje, izinkampani zenza izikwele zibe zinkulu ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.Abakhiqizi baphusha ama-wafers angama-182- kanye nama-210-millimeter, futhi osayizi abakhulu bazokhula besuka cishe ku-19% wesabelo semakethe kulo nyaka baye ngaphezu kwesigamu ngo-2023, ngokusho kwe-Wood Mackenzie's Sun.
Amafekthri afaka amawafa ngocingo abe amaseli - aguqula ama-electron ajatshuliswe ama-photon okukhanya abe ugesi - engeza umthamo omusha wemiklamo efana ne-heterojunction noma amaseli okuxhumana e-tunnel-oxide passivated.Nakuba kubiza kakhulu ukwenza, lezo zakhiwo zivumela ama-electron ukuthi aqhubeke egxumagxuma isikhathi eside, okwandisa inani lamandla akhiqizwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-27-2021