Ungaqhubeka kanjani nokuhoxiswa kancane kancane kwamandla endabuko kanye nokushintshwa kwamandla amasha?

Amandla ayinkundla yempi eyinhloko yokufinyelela inani eliphakeme lekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, futhi ugesi ungamandla amakhulu enkundleni yempi enkulu.Ngo-2020, ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kwezwe lami kwabalelwa ku-88% wengqikithi ekhishwayo, kuyilapho imboni yamandla yabalelwa ku-42.5% wesamba esikhishwe embonini yamandla.

Ngokubona kochwepheshe bezimboni, ukukhuthaza amandla aluhlaza kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufeza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.Futhi ukufuna ezinye izindlela esikhundleni samandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kuyingxenye eyinhloko yakhona.

E-Guangdong, okuyisifundazwe esisetshenziswa kakhulu amandla kodwa okungesona isifundazwe esikhulu sokukhiqiza amandla, ukwephula "inkinga yezinsiza" kanye nokubona uguquko olubushelelezi phakathi kokuhoxiswa kancane kancane kwamandla endabuko kanye nokushintshwa kwamandla amasha kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwamandla nokukhuthaza. ukuthuthukiswa komnotho okusezingeni eliphezulu.Kukhona incazelo.

Ukunikezwa kwensiza: Amandla avuselelekayo aseGuangdong asolwandle

Uma ufika esikhumulweni sezindiza i-Ningxia Zhongwei Shapotou ngendiza, ubheka ngaphandle kwe-porthole, ungabona ngokucacile ukuthi isikhumulo sezindiza sizungezwe amaphaneli okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic, okuyinto emangalisayo.Phakathi nohambo lwamahora angu-3 ukusuka e-Zhongwei uya e-Shizuishan, bekukhona ama-windmill nhlangothi zombili ze-Provincial Highway 218 ngaphandle kwefasitela.I-Ningxia, eyaziwa ngendawo yayo yasogwadule, ijabulela umoya ophakeme wemvelo, ukukhanya nezinye izinsiza.

Kodwa-ke, i-Guangdong, esogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga, ayinawo umcebo wemvelo ongcono kakhulu wasenyakatho-ntshonalanga.Isidingo esikhulu somhlaba yibhodlela elivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla omoya osogwini namandla e-photovoltaic e-Guangdong.Amandla omoya osogwini lwase-Guangdong kanye namahora okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic awekho phezulu, futhi ingxenye yamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi athunyelwa ukusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga iphezulu kakhulu.Nokho, izifundazwe zasentshonalanga ezithuthuka ngokushesha zizophinde zibe nesidingo esikhulu samandla entuthukweni ezayo.

Inzuzo ye-Guangdong ilele olwandle.E-Zhuhai, Yangjiang, Shanwei nakwezinye izindawo, manje sekunama-windmill amakhulu endaweni engasogwini, futhi maningi amaphrojekthi aseqaliswe ngokulandelana.Ekupheleni kukaNovemba, iphrojekthi yamandla omoya ophehla ulwandle i-500,000-kilowatt e-Shanwei Houhu, wonke ama-turbine amakhulu angama-91 axhunywe kugridi ukuze aphehle ugesi, futhi ugesi ungafinyelela kuma-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.489.Isikhathi.

Inkinga yezindleko eziphakeme iyona isithiyo esikhulu sokuthuthukiswa kwamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle.Ihlukile kuma-photovoltaics namandla omoya osogwini, izinto zokwakha kanye nezindleko zokwakhiwa kwamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle ziphezulu, futhi nobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla, ikakhulukazi ukudluliswa kwamandla olwandle, abuvuthwa ngokwanele.Amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle akakafinyeleli ukulingana.

Ukushayela komxhaso “kuyi-crutch” yamandla amasha ukweqa “umkhawulo” wokulingana.NgoJuni kulo nyaka, uHulumeni wesiFundazwe sase-Guangdong uhlongoze ukuthi kumaphrojekthi anomthamo ogcwele woxhumano lwegridi kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2024, uxhaso ngekilowatt ngayinye luzoba amayuan ayi-1,500, amayuan ayi-1,000, namayuan angama-500 ngokulandelana.

Ukuhlanganiswa kochungechunge lwezimboni kusiza kakhulu ukukhuthaza intuthuko esheshayo yemboni.ISifundazwe sase-Guangdong sihlongoza ukwakha iqoqo lemboni yamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle, futhi sizame ukuzuza umthamo ohlanganisiwe ofakiwe wama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyi-18 oseqale ukusebenza ekupheleni kuka-2025, futhi umthamo wonyaka wokukhiqiza amandla omoya esifundazweni uzofinyelela amayunithi angama-900 (amasethi. ) ngo-2025.

Kuwumkhuba ongenakugwemeka ukulahlekelwa 'yi-crutch' yoxhaso esikhathini esizayo futhi uthole ukumaketha.Ngaphansi komgomo “wekhabhoni embaxambili”, isidingo semakethe esiqinile sizothuthukisa amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle ukuze kuzuzwe ukulingana ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlanganisa iketango lezimboni.Amandla omoya we-Photovoltaic nawolwandle wonke adlule ngale ndlela.

Umgomo wobuchwepheshe: Ukuthumela okuhlakaniphile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokuzinza kwegridi yamandla

Amandla amasha ngokungangabazeki azoba indikimba eyinhloko yemithombo yamandla emisha esikhathini esizayo, kodwa imithombo yamandla emisha efana nomoya nama-photovoltaics ayizinzile ngokwemvelo.Bangawenza kanjani umsebenzi obalulekile wokuqinisekisa ukutholakala?Ingabe uhlelo olusha lwamandla luqinisekisa kanjani ukushintshwa okuphephile nokuzinzile kwemithombo yamandla emisha?

Lena inqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.Ukuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwamandla namandla amasha ukuze kancane kancane kungene amandla endabuko, kuyadingeka ukulandela umklamo wezinga eliphezulu futhi ulandele imithetho yokumaketha yebhalansi eguquguqukayo.

Ukwakhiwa kohlobo olusha lwesistimu yamandla kudinga ukuhlela njengomhlahlandlela, ukuxhumanisa imigomo eminingi njengokuphepha, umnotho, kanye nekhabhoni ephansi, kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokuhlela amandla.Kulo nyaka, i-China Southern Power Grid ihlongoze ukwakha uhlelo olusha lwamandla ngo-2030;eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo, izokwandisa umthamo ofakiwe wamandla amasha ngama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-200, okuholela ekukhuleni kwama-22%;ngo-2030, amandla e-China Southern Grid afaka amandla angewona ama-fossil azokwenyuka aze afike ku-65%, ingxenye yokuphehlwa kukagesi izokhuphuka ibe ngama-61%.

Ukwakha uhlobo olusha lwesistimu yamandla ngamandla amasha njengoba insika kuyimpi enzima.Kunezinselelo eziningi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuningi obubalulekile okudingeka bunqotshwe.Lobu buchwepheshe obubalulekile ikakhulukazi buhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amandla aphezulu obusezingeni eliphezulu bamandla amasha, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa amandla bebanga elide be-DC, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obuvumelana nezimo obukhulu bobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi athuthukile, inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa amandla e-AC kanye ne-DC kanye nobuhlakani. ubuchwepheshe begridi encane, njll.

Izindawo ezintsha zokufaka ugesi ophehla ugesi zihlukene, “thembela esibhakabhakeni”, ukudidiyelwa kwemithombo yamandla ehlukene, ehlukahlukene futhi eguquguqukayo kanye nokungqubuzana kokuphakelwa kukagesi okuphephile, okuzinzile, nonokwethenjelwa kwandisa ubunzima, izidingo zesivinini sokuphendula uhlelo ngokushesha, imodi yokusebenza. ukuhlela, ukuhlela ukusebenza Ukulawula kunzima kakhulu, futhi ukuhlela ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uhlelo olusha lwamandla luthatha amandla amasha njengomzimba oyinhloko, futhi amandla amasha anamandla omoya kanye ne-photovoltaic njengomzimba oyinhloko, amandla okukhiphayo angazinzile, anezici zokuguquguquka okukhulu nokungahleliwe.Isitoreji esipompayo njengamanje siwubuchwepheshe obuvuthwe kakhulu, esonga kakhulu, futhi siwumthombo wamandla oguquleka kalula kakhulu wokuthuthukiswa kwezinga elikhulu.Ohlelweni lweminyaka eyi-15 ezayo, kuzosheshiswa ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokugcina amanzi.Ngonyaka wezi-2030, izobe ilingana cishe namandla afakiwe esiteshi sikagesi esisha se-Three Gorges, esisekela ukutholakala kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla emisha engaphezu kwama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-250.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-23-2021