Ngokombiko wakamuva wemakethe yamandla avuselelekayo ovela ku-International Energy Agency, u-2021 uzophula irekhodi lokukhula kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni jikelele.Ngaphandle kokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yempahla eyinqwaba (kubhekiselwa kumalinki angewona okuthengisa, impahla edayiswa kakhulu enezimpawu zempahla futhi esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni nezolimo kanye nokusetshenziswa) ezingangena emkhakheni wokujikeleza, zingase zithiye inguquko yokuhlanza. amandla esikhathini esizayo.
Embikweni kuthiwa kulindeleke ukuthi ekupheleni kwalo nyaka ugesi omusha ufinyelele ku-290 watts.Ngo-2021, izophula irekhodi lokukhula kukagesi ovuselelekayo esanda kusungulwa ngonyaka odlule.Umthamo omusha walo nyaka uze wedlula isibikezelo esenziwe yi-International Energy Agency (IEA) entwasahlobo.I-IEA yasho ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi "ukukhula okuphezulu kakhulu" kuzoba "okujwayelekile okusha" kwamandla avuselelekayo.I-International Energy Agency okukhulunywe ngayo ku-October 2020 “World Energy Outlook” ibika ukuthi amandla elanga kulindeleke ukuthi abe “inkosi entsha kagesi.”
Amandla elanga azoqhubeka nokubusa ngo-2021, ngokukhula okulindelekile okucishe kube ngu-160 GW.Kubalelwa ngaphezu kwesigamu samandla amasha avuselelwayo kulo nyaka, futhi I-International Energy Agency ikholelwa ukuthi lesi simo sizoqhubeka eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.Ngokombiko omusha, ngo-2026, amandla avuselelekayo angase abe nama-95% amandla amasha kagesi emhlabeni.I-International Energy Agency iphinde ibikezele ukuthi kuzoba nokuqhuma okukhulu kokuphehlwa kwamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle, okungase kuphindwe kathathu ngesikhathi esifanayo.I-International Energy Agency yathi ngo-2026, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke kungase kulingane nophethiloli wanamuhla kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla enuzi kuhlangene.Lolu wushintsho olukhulu.Ngo-2020, amandla avuselelekayo azofaka kuphela ama-29% okukhiqizwa kwamandla omhlaba.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, kusekhona “inkungu” ethile ezibikezelweni ezintsha ze-International Energy Agency mayelana namandla avuselelekayo.Izintengo ezikhuphukayo zempahla, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi namandla konke kubeka engcupheni amathuba ayenethemba langaphambilini lamandla avuselelekayo.Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2020, izindleko ze-polysilicon ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-solar panels zikhuphuke ngokuphindwe kane.Uma kuqhathaniswa nowezi-2019, izindleko zokutshala izimali zesikali somoya osogwini kanye nezimboni zamandla elanga zinyuke ngo-25%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokokunye ukuhlaziya okwenziwe yi-Rystad Energy, ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwentengo yezinto zokuhamba nezokuthutha, ngaphezu kwengxenye yamaphrojekthi elanga asetshenziswayo ahlelelwe ukuqaliswa ngo-2022 angase abhekane nokulibaziseka noma ukukhanselwa.Uma izintengo zempahla zihlala ziphezulu onyakeni ozayo, iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu yenzuzo yokufinyeleleka evela kumandla elanga nawomoya, ngokulandelanayo, ingase ibe yize.Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, intengo yamamojula we-photovoltaic yehle kakhulu, iqhuba impumelelo yamandla elanga.Izindleko zamandla elanga zehle zisuka ku-US$30 ngewatt ngo-1980 zaya ku-US$0.20 iwathi ngayinye ngo-2020. Ngonyaka odlule, amandla elanga abengumthombo kagesi oshibhe kakhulu ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.
UFatih Birol, uMqondisi Omkhulu we-IEA, uthe esithangamini sabezindaba: “Amanani aphezulu ezimpahla namandla esiwabona namuhla alethe izinselelo ezintsha embonini yamandla avuselelekayo.Ukwenyuka kwentengo kaphethiloli nakho kwenze amandla avuselelwayo ancintisana kakhulu.”Inani elikhulu lokuhlola liye labonisa ukuthi maphakathi naleli khulu leminyaka, ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa okuvela ezibasweni ezimbiwa phansi ezishisayo kudingeka kucishe kuqedwe ngokuphelele ukuze kugwenywe ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okuyinhlekelele.Lesi sikhungo sithe ukuze kufezwe lo mgomo, amandla amasha okukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo adinga ukukhula cishe ngokuphindwe kabili inani elilindelwe yi-International Energy Agency eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-07-2021