Ukuze sibhekane nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, isintu sizodinga ukumba sijule.
Nakuba ubuso beplanethi yethu bubusiswe ngokutholakala okungapheli kokukhanya kwelanga nomoya, kufanele sakhe amaphaneli elanga nezinjini zomoya ukuze sisebenzise wonke lawo mandla - ingasaphathwa eyokugcina amabhethri.Lokho kuyodinga inqwaba yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivela ngaphansi komhlaba.Okubi nakakhulu, ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza buthembele kumaminerali athile abalulekile avame ukuntuleka, agxile emazweni ambalwa futhi okunzima ukuwakhipha.
Lesi akusona isizathu sokunamathela kumafutha angcolile.Kodwa bambalwa abantu abaqaphela izidingo ezinkulu zensiza zamandla avuselelekayo.Umbiko wamuva nje ovela ku-International Energy Agency waxwayisa: “Ukushintshela ekuhlanzeni amandla kusho ukusuka emshinini odla uphethiloli uye esimisweni esisebenzisa kakhulu izinto ezibonakalayo.”
Cabangela izidingo zamaminerali aphansi zamafutha e-high-carbon fossil.Isizinda samandla egesi yemvelo esinomthamo wemegawathi eyodwa - eyanele ukunika amandla amakhaya angaphezu kuka-800 - sithatha cishe i-1,000 kg yezimbiwa zokwakha.Esitshalweni samalahle esilingana nobukhulu, singaba ngu-2,500 kg.I-megawatt yamandla elanga, uma kuqhathaniswa, idinga cishe i-7,000 kg yamaminerali, kuyilapho umoya wasogwini usebenzisa ngaphezu kwe-15,000 kg.Khumbula, ukukhanya kwelanga nomoya akutholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho-ke kufanele wakhe amaphaneli elanga engeziwe nama-turbines omoya ukuze ukhiqize ugesi ofanayo waminyaka yonke njengeplanti yefosili.
Umehluko uyafana kwezokuthutha.Imoto ejwayelekile esebenzisa igesi iqukethe cishe u-35 kg wezinsimbi eziyivelakancane, ikakhulukazi ithusi ne-manganese.Izimoto zikagesi azidingi nje ukuphinda kabili inani lalezo zici ezimbili, kodwa futhi nenani elikhulu le-lithium, i-nickel, i-cobalt ne-graphite - ngaphezu kwe-200 kg isiyonke.(Izibalo ezilapha nasesigabeni esidlule azifaki okokufaka okukhulu kakhulu, insimbi ne-aluminium, ngoba ziyizinto ezivamile, nakuba zikhiqiza ikhabhoni eningi.)
Sekukonke, ngokwe-International Energy Agency, ukufeza izinjongo zesimo sezulu saseParis kuzosho ukuphindaphindeka kwezimbiwa phansi ngo-2040. Ezinye izici kuyodingeka zenyuke nakakhulu.Umhlaba uzodinga izikhathi ezingama-21 kunalokhu okudlayo manje kanye nezikhathi ezingama-42 ku-lithium.
Ngakho-ke kudingeka kube nomzamo womhlaba wonke wokuthuthukisa izimayini ezintsha ezindaweni ezintsha.Ngisho naphansi kolwandle ngeke kubekwe imingcele.Abezemvelo, abakhathazekile ngokulimala kwemvelo, bayaphika, futhi ngempela, kufanele senze yonke imizamo yokumba imayini ngokuzibophezela.Kodwa ekugcineni, kufanele sazi ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyinkinga enkulu yezemvelo yesikhathi sethu.Inani elithile lomonakalo owenziwe endaweni liyinani elamukelekayo lokukhokhela ukusindisa iplanethi.
Isikhathi sibalulekile.Uma izimbiwa phansi sezitholakele ndawana thize, azikwazi ngisho nokuqala ukuphuma emhlabathini kuze kube ngemva kokuhlela isikhathi eside, imvume kanye nenqubo yokwakha.Ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15.
Kunezindlela esingasusa ngazo ingcindezi ekutholeni izinto ezintsha.Enye iwukusebenzisa kabusha.Kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo, cishe u-20% wezinsimbi zamabhethri emoto kagesi amasha zingahlengwa kumabhethri asetshenzisiwe nezinye izinto ezifana nezinto zokwakha ezindala nezinto zikagesi ezilahliwe.
Kufanele futhi sitshale ocwaningweni ukuze sithuthukise ubuchwepheshe obuthembele ezintweni eziyinala.Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, kube khona impumelelo ebonakalayo ekudaleni ibhethri lomoya wensimbi, okungaba lula kakhulu ukulikhiqiza kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion akhona.Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo buseyizindlela zokuphumula, kodwa yilo kanye uhlobo lwento engagwema inkinga yezimbiwa.
Okokugcina, lesi yisikhumbuzo sokuthi konke ukusetshenziswa kunezindleko.Wonke amandla esiwasebenzisayo adinga ukuvela ndawana thize.Kuhle uma izibani zakho zisebenza ngamandla omoya esikhundleni samalahle, kodwa lokho kusadinga izinsiza.Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha kunganciphisa ubunzima.Uma ushintsha amalambu akho e-incandescent uwayise kuma-LED futhi ucime izibani zakho lapho ungawadingi, uzosebenzisa ugesi omncane kwasekuqaleni futhi ngenxa yalokho uzosebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimbalwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2021